Peer mediation is one of the conflict resolution strategies available to schools by which students are actively involved in resolving their own disputes. It involves one or two students trained in mediation leading other students through a structured process to resolve a dispute.

As an early intervention strategy, peer mediation can play a part in reducing violence, truancy and vandalism in schools. Peer mediation is seen as a long-term program to be incorporated into the school's ethos rather than as a 'quick fix'.

Schools seek to empower students by teaching them the skills to resolve conflict in non-violent ways. This improves relationships and allows for the possibility that conflict can be productive and positive. Evidence exists that peer mediation programs improve school climate by helping students feel safer at school (Shepherd 1994).

The self-empowering aspect of mediation - students participating in decision-making about issues central to their lives - makes it an important tool for fostering self-regulation, self-confidence and self-discipline.

Peer mediation programs also contribute to the development of students who are self-governing and self-regulating members of the school and broader community.